Competition Law Guides

A comprehensive guide to Indian competition law covering the Competition Act 2002, CCI structure and powers, anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominance, merger control, the 2023 Amendment (deal value threshold, settlement & commitment framework), leniency programme, digital markets enforcement, key CCI decisions, and compliance best practices for businesses operating in India.

25 min read

A comprehensive guide to the EU competition law framework covering TFEU Articles 101 and 102, the EU Merger Regulation (EUMR), the European Commission's enforcement powers, the Digital Markets Act (DMA), leniency policy, private enforcement, and strategic implications for Indian companies operating in the European Union.

22 min read

A comprehensive cross-jurisdictional guide to merger control regimes covering India (CCI), the EU (EUMR), the United States (HSR Act), and the United Kingdom (CMA). Covers notification thresholds, deal value tests, gun-jumping risks, remedies, killer acquisitions, and practical filing strategies for M&A counsel.

20 min read

Comprehensive guide to cartel enforcement across India, the EU, and the US. Covers detection methods, leniency and immunity programmes, penalties, bid-rigging, hub-and-spoke cartels, landmark cases, and defence strategies for competition law practitioners.

20 min read

Comprehensive guide to dawn raid preparedness covering CCI Director General investigation powers under the Competition Act, 2002, EU Regulation 1/2003 inspection powers, legal professional privilege, digital evidence handling, employee response protocols, and post-raid follow-up strategies. Essential reading for compliance officers, in-house counsel, and senior management.

18 min read

Comprehensive guide to designing and implementing competition compliance programmes under the Competition Act, 2002. Covers CCI advocacy on compliance, ICC and CMA benchmarks, risk assessment methodology, board commitment, training frameworks, whistleblower mechanisms, monitoring KPIs, dawn raid integration, third-party compliance, algorithmic and digital pricing compliance, penalty mitigation credit in India, the EU and the UK, and implementation roadmaps with budget planning.

22 min read

An expert-level guide to gun-jumping and pre-closing conduct obligations in merger control. Covers standstill obligations under India's Competition Act 2002 (Section 6), the EU Merger Regulation (Article 7), and the US HSR Act. Analyses real enforcement actions including CCI gun-jumping orders, the Altice/PT Portugal EUR 124.5 million fine, Canon/Toshiba Medical, and Marine Harvest/Morpol. Provides practical frameworks for clean team protocols, information barriers, interim operating covenants, integration planning boundaries, and multi-jurisdictional compliance.

20 min read

An expert-level guide to the European Union's Digital Markets Act (DMA), covering the ex ante regulatory framework for gatekeeper platforms, Article-by-Article obligations analysis, self-preferencing and interoperability rules, app store regulation and sideloading, enforcement powers and penalties, and a detailed comparison with India's proposed Digital Competition Bill, 2024. Essential reading for technology companies, platform business users, and legal advisers navigating digital market regulation.

24 min read

Comprehensive guide to abuse of dominance enforcement under Competition Act 2002 Section 4 (India), TFEU Article 102 (EU), Sherman Act Section 2 (US), and Competition Act 1998 Chapter II (UK). Covers market definition, the SSNIP test, dominance factors, predatory pricing, tying, refusal to deal, essential facilities, excessive pricing, digital self-preferencing, remedies, landmark cases, and compliance strategies for dominant enterprises.

24 min read

Comprehensive guide to competition litigation and appeals in India and internationally. Covers the full CCI adjudicatory process from information to final order, NCLAT appeal procedures under Section 53B of the Competition Act, Supreme Court review, interim relief and stay applications, private enforcement under Section 53N, judicial review standards, evidence and discovery, leniency in litigation, cross-border enforcement, EU and US antitrust litigation, settlement and consent orders, and practical litigation strategy.

22 min read