Panama

Substantial

Law No. 81 of 2019 on Personal Data Protection

Authority: National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information (ANTAI) | Enforcement: partial | Enacted: March 2021

Overview

Panama enacted its data protection law in 2019, with full implementation by March 2021. ANTAI oversees compliance. The law covers consent, data subject rights, and cross-border transfers. Enforcement capacity is developing.

14-Topic Coverage

Data Protection Authority

Fully Addressed

ANTAI oversees data protection compliance alongside transparency functions.

Data Subject Rights

Fully Addressed

Rights to access, rectification, cancellation, and opposition.

Cross-Border Transfer

Fully Addressed

Transfers to countries with adequate protection or with appropriate safeguards.

Breach Notification

Fully Addressed

Must notify ANTAI and affected data subjects.

DPO Requirements

Partially Addressed

Must designate responsible person for data protection.

Children's Data

Partially Addressed

General provisions apply. Enhanced protections for minors.

Penalties & Enforcement

Fully Addressed

Fines from USD 1,000 to USD 100,000. Database suspension for serious violations.

Sector-Specific Rules

Partially Addressed

SBP financial data rules, health data regulations.

AI & Automated Decisions

Not Addressed

No specific provisions.

Data Localisation

Not Addressed

No general data localisation requirement.

Significant Data Fiduciary

Not Addressed

No equivalent concept.

Government Data

Fully Addressed

Law applies to both public and private sector.